8 important lessons from Kautilya’s Arthashastra

april 9, 2025

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The success of the Maurya Empire’s founder Chandragupta Maurya is widely credited to the strategies of the great scholar Chanakya, also known as Kautilya. 

Kautilya’s Arthashastra—the science of wealth and prosperity—teaches us 8 powerful lessons that are relevant even today for modern economies.

Kautilya emphasised that a strong economy is rooted in agriculture, trade and industries. Neglecting any of these factors may result in a downfall.

Pillars of the economy

Kautilya believed that balancing fiscal and monetary strategies can help in economic growth. Strong and rational tax systems can strengthen public finances. 

Balanced policies

Constructing durable roads and building faster ways of transportation can help in boosting commerce. Kautilya believed in investing in logistics and connectivity. 

Building infrastructure

Kautilya urged leaders to prioritise national interest rather than blindly follow global policies. Strategic self-interest can be beneficial in the long term. 

National interest

Kautilya emphasised that spending smartly and prioritising savings are vital for financial strength, as overconsumption and debt lead to instability. 

Savings

Wealth should serve your values and not define them. Kautilya believes that money shouldn’t be the only priority as that can lead to weak morals. 

Greater purpose

According to Kautilya, a leader should focus on public welfare as ignoring it can create instability. Government policies should always promote social harmony.

Public welfare

The economic health of a country is crucial as a weak economy can’t progress or protect itself. Focusing on long-term economic growth ensures national security.

Economic health

Did gold fall from the sky or is it earthborn?

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